ALCOHOL TOLERANCE AND
WITHDRAWAL
People who drink
heavily for years often
lose control of their
drinking and orient
their life more and more
around drinking
behaviors. In addition,
they drink more rapidly,
consume larger amounts,
drink more often, and
experience withdrawal
symptoms when they
decrease drinking. This
latter set of behaviors,
which involve
physiological and
psychological dependence
on alcohol, is called
the alcohol dependence
syndrome.
Consider Tanya: The
amount of alcohol Tanya
drinks has increased
over the past several
years, but the effect
she feels from alcohol
hasn't changed. This
indicates that she has
developed an increased
tolerance to alcohol.
With regular drinking,
the body breaks down and
gets rid of alcohol more
quickly and changes
occur in the brain, so a
person needs to drink
more to get the same
effect. Tolerance to
alcohol generalizes to
other drugs and
medications that affect
the brain in ways
similar to alcohol, such
as benzodiazepines.
Persons who have
developed tolerance to
alcohol will have a
physiological reaction
called withdrawal when
they reduce the amount
they drink or stop
drinking completely.
These withdrawal
symptoms might include
anxiety, insomnia, and
depression. Other common
symptoms include nausea,
headache, and tremor.
When alcohol or sedative
hypnotics are used over
a longer period of time
or in larger amounts,
withdrawal symptoms are
worse and include
vomiting, fever, and
increased blood
pressure. In severe
cases, people can
experience seizures or a
life threatening illness
called
delirium tremens, or
the DTs.
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What's it like
going through
detox? Detox is different for each individual. You should never try to detox on your own and even with help you may have some of the following experiences:
Many people confuse detox with treatment. Detox should be seen only as the beginning of a longer process. Typically, inpatient detox lasts for five to seven days. Treatment, which may be done on an outpatient or inpatient basis will likely last 30 to 90 days. |
Delirium tremens ('DTs') is a more severe reaction after stopping alcohol. It occurs in about 1 in 20 people who have alcohol withdrawal symptoms about 2-3 days after their last drink. Symptoms include: marked tremor (the shakes) and delirium (agitation, confusion, and seeing and hearing things that are not there). Some people have convulsions. Complications can develop such as dehydration and other serious physical problems. It is fatal in some cases.